Did Samuel see Saul again after the death of Agag?
Hard question · Israel’s history: Joshua to Esther · raised by 1 of the lists sceptics circulate
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“And Samuel came no more to see Saul until the day of his death: nevertheless Samuel mourned for Saul.”
And Samuel came no more to see Saul until the day of his death: nevertheless Samuel mourned for Saul: and the Lord repented that he had made Saul king over Israel.
Saul came to Naioth in Ramah looking for David, and the Spirit of God came on him so that he “prophesied before Samuel”.
Then went he also to Ramah, and came to a great well that is in Sechu: and he asked and said, Where are Samuel and David? And one said, Behold, they be at Naioth in Ramah. And he went thither to Naioth in Ramah: and the Spirit of God was upon him also, and he went on, and prophesied, until he came to Naioth in Ramah. And he stripped off his clothes also, and prophesied before Samuel in like manner, and lay down naked all that day and all that night. Wherefore they say, Is Saul also among the prophets?
The objection
1 Samuel 15:35 says that after the death of Agag, “Samuel came no more to see Saul until the day of his death”. Yet in 1 Samuel 19:24 Saul prophesies before Samuel at Naioth. Critics say the two men did meet again.
The answer
The verse says that Samuel did not come to see Saul; it does not say that the two were never in the same place again. The Hebrew reads, word for word, ‘Samuel did not again go to see Saul’ (lo yasaf … lir’ot). To ‘see’ someone here means to visit him, as when Ahaziah king of Judah “went down to see Joram the son of Ahab in Jezreel, because he was sick” (2 Kings 8:29), with the same Hebrew verb. Samuel had been Saul’s adviser and the bearer of God’s word to him. After Saul’s rejection those visits stopped. As Ellicott and the Pulpit Commentary put it, Samuel no longer came to him with messages, commands and counsel from God.
At Naioth it was the other way round. Samuel did not go to Saul. Saul came, uninvited, hunting David, and was overcome by the Spirit of God in Samuel’s presence (19:22–24). Nothing in the account suggests a visit, a conversation or any return to their former relationship. Gill and Poole both make this point: Saul came to Samuel, not Samuel to Saul, so 15:35 still stands.
Still open
‘Until the day of his death’ may refer to Samuel’s death (1 Samuel 25:1) or to Saul’s; the point is the same either way. Saul’s meeting with Samuel through the medium at Endor (28:11–19) came after Samuel had died.
From the classic commentators
Though indeed it was not Samuel that came thither with design to see Saul, which is implied in the phrase here; but Saul went thither to see Samuel, and that accidentally.Matthew Poole, Commentary on 1 Samuel 15 (1685)
Sources
- John Gill, Exposition of the Bible: 1 Samuel 15 (1746–1763), at Bible Hub
- Matthew Poole, Commentary on 1 Samuel 15 (1685), at Bible Hub
- Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers: 1 Samuel 15, at Bible Hub
- The Pulpit Commentary: 1 Samuel 15, at Bible Hub